AIX、HP-UX、Linux常用命令及配置文件对照表
|
Directory Mappings |
AIX |
HP-UX |
LINUX(RedHat) |
|
Root filesystem |
/{/dev/hd4} |
/{/dev/vg00/lvol1} |
/{/dev/sda1} |
|
Home Directory |
/home{/dev/hd1} |
/home{/dev/vg00/lvol4} |
|
|
|
/tmp{/dev/hd3} |
/tmp{/dev/vg00/lvol6} |
|
|
|
/usr{/dev/hd2} |
/usr{/dev/vg00/lvol7} |
|
|
|
/var{/dev/hd9var} |
/var{/dev/vg00/lvol8} |
|
|
Sample configuration files |
- |
/usr/newconfig |
|
|
User Accounts |
AIX |
HP-UX |
LINUX(RedHat) |
|
Password files |
/etc/passwd |
/etc/passwd |
/etc/passwd |
|
Groups file |
/etc/group |
/etc/group |
/etc/group |
|
Maximum # of user ID |
4294967295 |
2147483647 |
65535 |
|
Allow/Deny remote login |
/etc/security/user |
/etc/securetty |
/etc/securetty |
|
User nobody's id # |
4294967294 |
-2 |
99 |
|
Group nobody's id # |
4294967294 |
-2(nogroup) |
99 |
|
Recover root password |
boot from CD/Tape |
>boot |
{lilo} |
|
Create new user |
mkuser |
useradd |
useradd |
|
Delete user |
rmuser |
userdel |
userdel |
|
List users |
lsuser -f ALL |
logins |
|
|
Modify user account |
chuser -a |
usermod |
usermod |
|
General Commands |
AIX |
HP-UX |
LINUX(RedHat) |
|
Unique host ID |
hostid |
uname -i |
hostid |
|
Administrator |
smit |
sam |
linuxconf |
|
Performance monitor |
top |
top |
top |
|
System activity reporter |
sar |
sar |
sar{sysstat} |
|
Virtual Memory statistics |
vmstat |
vmstat |
vmstat |
|
I/O statistics |
iostat |
iostat |
iostat{sysstat} |
|
Error logs |
alog -o -t boot |
dmesg |
dmesg |
|
Physical RAM |
1TB |
4TB |
64 GB{>2.3.24} |
|
Shared Memory |
2.75GB |
8TB |
sysctl kernel.shmmax |
|
Process Data Space |
2GB |
4GB |
900 MB |
|
Swap device |
/dev/hd6 |
/dev/vg00/lvol2 |
/dev/sda2 |
|
Swap file type |
/etc/swapspaces |
swap |
partition type 82 |
|
Display swap size |
lsps -a |
swapinfo -a |
free |
|
Activate Swap |
swapon -a |
swapon -a |
swapon -a |
|
Printers |
AIX |
HP-UX |
LINUX |
|
Printer Queues |
/etc/qconfig |
/etc/lp/interface/* |
/var/spool/lpd/lp/* |
|
Stop LP |
stopsrc -s lpd |
lpshut |
/etc/init.d/lpd stop |
|
Start LP |
startsrc -s lpd |
lpsched |
/etc/init.d/lpd start |
|
Submit print jobs |
enq |
lp |
lpr |
|
LP statistics |
enq -A |
lpstat |
lpq |
|
Remove print jobs |
cancel |
cancel |
lprm |
|
Add printer queue |
smit mkpq |
lpadmin -p pq |
printtool |
|
Remove Printer queue |
smit rmpq |
lpadmin -x pq |
|
|
Make default printer |
export LPDEST="pq" |
lpadmin -d pq |
|
|
TCP/IP |
AIX |
HP-UX |
LINUX(RedHat) |
|
Network IP configuration |
lsattr -E -l inet0 |
/etc/rc.config.d/netconf |
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ |
|
Hosts IP addresses |
/etc/hosts |
/etc/hosts |
/etc/hosts |
|
Name service switch |
/etc/netsvc.conf |
/etc/nsswitch.conf |
/etc/nsswitch.conf |
|
Network parameters |
no -a |
ndd -h |
sysctl -a | grep net |
|
Routing daemon |
gated |
gated |
routed |
|
NIC Configurations |
ifconfig -a |
lanscan -v |
ifconfig -a |
|
Secondary IP Address |
ifconfig en0 alias IP |
ifconfig lan0:1 IP |
modprobe ip_alias |
|
Login prompt |
HERALD @ |
telnetd -b /etc/issue |
/etc/issue |
|
Increase the # of pseudo-terminals |
odmget -q "attribute=num and
uniquetype=pty/pty/pty" PdAt | sed "s/0-64/0-512/" |
chdev -l pty0 -anum=256 -P |
rebuild your kernel with these new values
NPTY=# reboot
insf -d ptys -n # |
cd /dev |
|
Maximum # of ptys |
512 |
{MAXUSERS} |
256 |
|
Remote Shell |
remsh |
remsh |
rsh |
|
YP/NIS service binder |
/usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind |
/usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind |
/sbin/ypbind |
|
System Files |
AIX |
HP-UX |
LINUX(RedHat) |
|
NFS exported |
/etc/exports |
/etc/exports |
/etc/exports |
|
NFS Client mounted directories |
/etc/xtab |
/etc/xtab |
/var/lib/nfs/xtab |
|
Max File System |
128 GB |
128 GB |
2 TB |
|
Max File Size |
64 GB |
128 GB |
2 GB{512B block size} |
|
Max # File Descriptors |
64 K |
60~ K |
sysctl fs.file-max |
|
DISK/LVM Commands |
AIX |
HP-UX:Disk &Filesystem |
LINUX(RedHat) |
|
Filesystem table |
/etc/filesystems |
/etc/fstab |
/etc/fstab |
|
Free disk blocks |
df -k |
bdf |
df -k |
|
Device listing |
lsdev -C |
/sbin/ioscan |
cat /proc/devices |
|
Disk information |
bootinfo -s hdisk# |
diskinfo /dev/rdsk/c#t#d# |
cat /proc/scsi/scsi0/sda/model |
|
Disk Label |
lspv -l hdisk# |
pvdisplay -v /dev/dsk/C#t#d# |
fdisk -l |
|
LVM Concepts |
Partition |
logical extents |
logical extents |
|
|
Volume |
logical volume |
logical volume |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Volume group |
volume group |
volume group |
|
Journal Filesystem type |
jfs |
vxfs |
ext3 |
|
Default volume group |
/dev/rootvg |
/dev/vg00 |
|
|
Display volume group |
lsvg -l rootvg |
vgdisplay -v vg00 |
vgdisplay -v |
|
Modify physical volume |
chpv |
pvchange |
pvchange |
|
Prepare physical disk |
mkdev -c disk -l hdisk# |
pvcreate |
pvcreate |
|
List physical volume |
lspv |
pvdisplay |
pvdisplay |
|
Remove disk from volume group |
reducevg |
vgreduce |
vgreduce |
|
Move logical volumes to another physical volumes |
migratepv |
pvmove |
pvmove |
|
Create volume group |
mkvg |
vgcreate |
vgcreate |
|
Remove volume group |
|
vgremove |
vgremove |
|
Volume group availability |
chvg |
vgchange |
vgchange |
|
Restore volume group |
|
vgcfgrestore |
vgcfgrestore |
|
Exports volume group |
exportvg |
vgexport |
vgexport |
|
Imports volume group |
importvg |
vgimport |
vgimport |
|
Volume group listing |
lsvg |
vgscan |
vgscan |
|
Change logical volume characteristics |
chlv |
lvchange |
lvchange |
|
List logical volume |
lslv |
lvdisplay |
lvdisplay |
|
Make logical volume |
mklv |
lvcreate |
lvcreate |
|
Extend logical volume |
extendlv |
lvextend |
lvextend |
|
Reduce logical volume |
AIX reduce LV |
lvreduce |
lvreduce |
|
Remove logical volume |
rmlv |
lvremove |
lvremove |
|
Prepare boot volumes |
bootlist -m normal |
lvlnboot |
lilo |
|
Remove boot volumes |
|
lvrmboot |
|
|
Extend File system |
chfs -a size=# /mt |
extendfs /dev/vg00/lvol8 |
resize2fs |
|
Reduce/Split mirrors |
rmlvcopy |
lvsplit |
lvsplit |
|
Merge mirrors |
|
lvmerge |
lvmerge |
|
Create mirrors |
mklv -c 2 |
lvcreate -m 1 |
|
|
Add mirrors |
mklvcopy lv 2 |
lvextend -m 1 |
|
|
Create striped volumes |
mklv -u 3 -S 64K |
lvcreate -i 3 -I 64 |
lvcreate -i 3 -I 64 |
|
System recovery tape |
mksysb -i /dev/rmt0 |
/opt/ignite/bin/make_recovery |
|
|
Backup |
savevg -i rootvg |
fbackup |
tar cvf /dev/rst0 / |
|
Restore |
restvg |
frecover |
tar xvf /dev/rst0 |
|
MISC |
AIX |
HP-UX |
LINUX(RedHat) |
|
Startup script |
/etc/rc |
/sbin/rc |
/etc/rc.d/rc |
|
Kernel |
/usr/lib/boot/unix_up |
/stand/vmunix |
/boot/vmlinuz |
|
Kernel Parameters |
lsattr -E -l sys0 |
sysdef |
sysctl -a |
|
Reconfigure the kernel |
|
cd /stand/build |
cd /usr/src/linux
cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuz-2.2.16 |
|
List modules |
genkex |
kmadmin -s |
lsmod |
|
Load module |
|
kmadmin -L |
insmod |
|
Unload module |
|
kmadmin -U |
rmmod |
|
Initialize system |
install_assist |
set_parms initial |
netconf |
|
Physical RAM |
bootinfo -r |
grep -i Physical /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log |
free |
|
Kernel Bits |
bootinfo -K |
getconf KERNEL_BITS |
getconf LONG_BIT |
|
Crash utility |
crash |
adb |
lcrash |
|
Trace System Calls |
syscalls |
tusc |
strace |
|
Machine model |
uname -m |
model |
uname -m |
|
OS Level |
oslevel |
uname -r |
uname -r |
|
Run Level |
who -r |
who -r |
runlevel |
|
Core dump files |
/var/adm/ras |
/var/adm/crash |
|
|
Boot single user |
Key on service mode/F4 |
>boot |
{lilo} |
|
Maintenance mode |
|
>boot |
|
|
Interrupt Key |
|
control-B |
|
|
Return to console |
|
co |
|
|
Timezone Management |
/etc/environment |
/etc/TIMEZONE |
/etc/sysconfig/clock |
|
NTP Daemon |
/etc/ntp.conf |
/etc/rc.config.d/netdaemons |
/etc/ntp.conf |
|
Software |
AIX |
HP-UX |
LINUX(RedHat) |
|
Install Software |
installp -a |
swinstall |
rpm -i package |
|
Uninstall software |
installp -u |
swremove |
rpm -e package |
|
List installed software |
lslpp -L all |
swlist |
rpm -qa |
|
Verify installed software |
lppchk -v |
swlist -l fileset -a state |
rpm -V package |
|
List all files |
lslpp -f fileset |
swlist -l file fileset |
rpm -ql package |
|
List installed patches |
instfix -i |
swlist -l patch |
|
|
Package owner |
lslpp -w path |
swlist -l file | grep path |
rpm -qf file |
|
SW Directory |
/usr/lpp |
/var/adm/sw/ |
/var/lib/rpm |
|
Devices |
AIX |
HP-UX |
LINUX(RedHat) |
|
Devices |
/dev |
/dev |
/dev |
|
Install devices for attached peripherals |
cfgmgr -v |
insf -e |
/dev/MAKEDEV |
|
Remove device |
rmdev -l |
rmsf |
|
|
Device drivers |
lscfg |
lsdev |
|
|
CPU |
lsdev -Cc processor |
ioscan -fnC processor |
cat /proc/cpuinfo |
|
List Terminal |
lsdev -Cc tty |
ioscan -fnC tty |
|
|
Diagnostics |
diag |
stm |
lspci |
|
Whole Disk |
/dev/hdisk# |
/dev/dsk/c#t#d0 |
/dev/sda |
|
CDROM |
/dev/cd0 |
/dev/dsk/c#t2d0 |
/dev/cdrom |
|
CDROM file type |
cdrfs |
cdfs |
iso9660 |
|
Rewinding tape drive |
/dev/rmt0 |
/dev/rmt/0m |
/dev/rst0{ c 9 0} |
|
Non-rewinding tape drive |
/dev/rmt0.1 |
/dev/rmt/0mn |
/dev/nrst0{ c 9 128 } |
|
Floppy drive |
/dev/rfd0 |
- |
/dev/fd0 |
|
Links |
AIX |
HP-UX |
LINUX(RedHat) |
|
FAQ |
AIX-FAQ |
HP-UX FAQ |
LINUX FAQ |
|
Online Manual |
AIX 5.3 Docs |
HP-UX Reference Manual |
Linux Documentation Project |
|
Technical Support |
p5 TechSupport |
IT Resource Center |
Red Hat support |
|
Phone Number |
1-800-CALL-AIX |
1-800-633-3600 |
1-888-REDHAT1 |
|
Free Software |
Public Domain Software Library |
HP-UX Ports |
Linux Software Map |
|
Certification |
www.ibm.com |
education.hp.com |
RHCE |