fdisk 磁盘设备 查看分区信息
fdisk m 查看操作指令的帮助信息
p 列表查看分区信息
n 新建分区
d 删除分区
t 变更分区类型
w 保存分区设置并退出
q 放弃分区设置并退出
[@more@]
fdisk 磁盘设备 查看分区信息
fdisk m 查看操作指令的帮助信息
p 列表查看分区信息
n 新建分区
d 删除分区
t 变更分区类型
w 保存分区设置并退出
q 放弃分区设置并退出
---=============================================
(1)fdisk只能建立3个主分区和一个扩展分区.
[root@weblogic dev]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
Command (m for help): m --->列出所有帮助
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): n --->输入n新建分区
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p --->输入p建立主分区
Partition number (1-4): 1 --->输入分区编号1，最多为4个编号
First cylinder (1-261, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-261, default 261): +1000M
Command (m for help): p -->输入p，列出分区
Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 123 987966 83 Linux
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
e --->输入e，简历扩展分区
Partition number (1-4): 1 --->其中不能输入1了，因为已经重复了
Partition 1 is already defined. Delete it before re-adding it.
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
e --->输入e，简历扩展分区
Partition number (1-4): 2
First cylinder (124-261, default 124):
Using default value 124
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (124-261, default 261): +600M
Command (m for help): p -->输入p，列出分区
Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 123 987966 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 124 197 594405 5 Extended
Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l
First cylinder (124-197, default 124):
Using default value 124
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (124-197, default 197): +400M
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 123 987966 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 124 197 594405 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 124 173 401593+ 83 Linux
Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l
First cylinder (174-197, default 174):
Using default value 174
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (174-197, default 197):
Using default value 197
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 123 987966 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 124 197 594405 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 124 173 401593+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb6 174 197 192748+ 83 Linux
Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 3 --->建立最后一个分区3
First cylinder (198-261, default 198):
Using default value 198
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (198-261, default 261):
Using default value 261
Command (m for help): p -->输入p，列出分区
Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 123 987966 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 124 197 594405 5 Extended
/dev/sdb3 198 261 514080 83 Linux
/dev/sdb5 124 173 401593+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb6 174 197 192748+ 83 Linux
Command (m for help): w --->w保存退出
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
---=====================================================
(3)格式化分区
mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1
mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb5
---=====================================================
(4)为swap增加空间
[root@weblogic ~]# mkswap /dev/sdb5 --->格式化交换分区
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 411226 kB
[root@weblogic ~]# free -m
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 1470 393 1076 0 33 272
-/+ buffers/cache: 87 1382
Swap: 2000 0 2000
[root@weblogic ~]# swapon /dev/sdb5 --->启用交换分区
[root@weblogic ~]# free -m
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 1470 393 1076 0 33 272
-/+ buffers/cache: 87 1382
Swap: 2392 0 2392
[root@weblogic ~]# swapoff /dev/sdb5 --->停用交换分区
[root@weblogic ~]# free -m
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 1470 393 1076 0 33 272
-/+ buffers/cache: 87 1382
Swap: 2000 0 2000
---===================================================
(5)挂载，卸载文件系统
mount [-t] 存储设备 挂载点目录
mount -o loop iso镜像文件 挂载点目录
unmount
mount -t ext3 /dev/sdb1 /disk1
mount /dev/sdb5 /disk2
mount 显示所有mount的目录
光盘的挂载:
mount /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom & mount /dev/cdrom /disk4
镜像文件的挂载：
mount -o loop 镜像 /disk5
---======================================================
(6)配置文件系统自动挂载
系统挂载配置文件主要读取 /etc/fstab,
倒数第二列，表示是否需要转储，0表示不需要。倒数第一列，表示是否要检测，0表示不需要。
[root@weblogic ~]# more /etc/fstab
LABEL=/ / ext3 defaults 1 1
LABEL=/u01 /u01 ext3 defaults 1 2
LABEL=/boot /boot ext3 defaults 1 2
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
LABEL=SWAP-sda3 swap swap defaults 0 0
/dev/sdb1 /disk1 ext3 defaults 0 0
/dev/sdb3 /disk2 ext3 defaults 0 0