一、简介
通过python 流程控制的while和for,分别输出乘法表。体会其不同之处
二、使用while的方法
脚本内容如下:
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding=utf-8
print '输出乘法表';
x=1
y=1
while x<10:
a=''
y=1
while y<=x:
i=0
i=x*y
print x,"*",y,"=",i,
y=y+1
print
x=x+1
结果:
输出乘法表
1 * 1 = 1
2 * 1 = 2 2 * 2 = 4
3 * 1 = 3 3 * 2 = 6 3 * 3 = 9
4 * 1 = 4 4 * 2 = 8 4 * 3 = 12 4 * 4 = 16
5 * 1 = 5 5 * 2 = 10 5 * 3 = 15 5 * 4 = 20 5 * 5 = 25
6 * 1 = 6 6 * 2 = 12 6 * 3 = 18 6 * 4 = 24 6 * 5 = 30 6 * 6 = 36
7 * 1 = 7 7 * 2 = 14 7 * 3 = 21 7 * 4 = 28 7 * 5 = 35 7 * 6 = 42 7 * 7 = 49
8 * 1 = 8 8 * 2 = 16 8 * 3 = 24 8 * 4 = 32 8 * 5 = 40 8 * 6 = 48 8 * 7 = 56 8 * 8 = 64
9 * 1 = 9 9 * 2 = 18 9 * 3 = 27 9 * 4 = 36 9 * 5 = 45 9 * 6 = 54 9 * 7 = 63 9 * 8 = 72 9 * 9 = 81
三、使用for的方法
脚本内容如下:
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding=utf-8
print '输出乘法表';
i = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
for x in i:
for y in range(1,x+1);
h=x*y
print x,"*",y,"=",h,
print
结果:
输出乘法表
1 * 1 = 1
2 * 1 = 2 2 * 2 = 4
3 * 1 = 3 3 * 2 = 6 3 * 3 = 9
4 * 1 = 4 4 * 2 = 8 4 * 3 = 12 4 * 4 = 16
5 * 1 = 5 5 * 2 = 10 5 * 3 = 15 5 * 4 = 20 5 * 5 = 25
6 * 1 = 6 6 * 2 = 12 6 * 3 = 18 6 * 4 = 24 6 * 5 = 30 6 * 6 = 36
7 * 1 = 7 7 * 2 = 14 7 * 3 = 21 7 * 4 = 28 7 * 5 = 35 7 * 6 = 42 7 * 7 = 49
8 * 1 = 8 8 * 2 = 16 8 * 3 = 24 8 * 4 = 32 8 * 5 = 40 8 * 6 = 48 8 * 7 = 56 8 * 8 = 64
9 * 1 = 9 9 * 2 = 18 9 * 3 = 27 9 * 4 = 36 9 * 5 = 45 9 * 6 = 54 9 * 7 = 63 9 * 8 = 72 9 * 9 = 81
四、实现语法
1. 如何实现乘数在同一行
这个涉及到python的输出换行。我用的方法是:print , ,即在print的最后加上','。这样,在输出一条信息后,暂时就不会换行。换行时,直接使用print 命令,即实现换行。
2. for与while的语法
python的for和while的语法,与熟知的shell、java等不同。python没有for .... do ...done 和 while ... do ... done的语法。
python的语法是for ... else ... 和 while ... else ... (https://docs.python.org/2/reference/compound_stmts.html#grammar-token-suite)
那么,没有了do和done区分循环,程序怎么知道循环什么时候结束呢?来做一个实验吧。
首先看一下,上面的脚本:注意一点,就是具有相同逻辑的语句是有相同的缩进的。那么,python是不是通过这个来区别循环的操作呢?
我修改了脚本,内容如下:
#!/usr/bin/env python #!/usr/bin/env python
#coding=utf-8 #coding=utf-8
print '输出乘法表'; print '输出乘法表';
i = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9] i = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
for x in i: for x in i:
for y in range(1,x+1); for y in range(1,x+1);
h=x*y h=x*y
print x,"*",y,"=",h, print x,"*",y,"=",h,
print print
请注意,最后一个起换行作用的print的位置。两个print有不同的缩进。
那么,新脚本执行后的结果是什么呢?结果如下:
输出乘法表
1 * 1 = 1
2 * 1 = 2
2 * 2 = 4
3 * 1 = 3
3 * 2 = 6
3 * 3 = 9
4 * 1 = 4
4 * 2 = 8
4 * 3 = 12
4 * 4 = 16
5 * 1 = 5
5 * 2 = 10
5 * 3 = 15
5 * 4 = 20
5 * 5 = 25
6 * 1 = 6
6 * 2 = 12
6 * 3 = 18
6 * 4 = 24
6 * 5 = 30
6 * 6 = 36
7 * 1 = 7
7 * 2 = 14
7 * 3 = 21
7 * 4 = 28
7 * 5 = 35
7 * 6 = 42
7 * 7 = 49
8 * 1 = 8
8 * 2 = 16
8 * 3 = 24
8 * 4 = 32
8 * 5 = 40
8 * 6 = 48
8 * 7 = 56
8 * 8 = 64
9 * 1 = 9
9 * 2 = 18
9 * 3 = 27
9 * 4 = 36
9 * 5 = 45
9 * 6 = 54
9 * 7 = 63
9 * 8 = 72
9 * 9 = 81
结果没有了换行。
五、总结
python的for和while的语法,与shell、java、c不同。所以,在使用时,需要注意语句的缩进,同时可以增加程序的可读性。