说明：归档模式，rman工具的热备（开机备份）；
1.准备环境：RMAN全库备份
[oracle@wang ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sun Oct 2 12:39:43 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORA11GR2 (DBID=237843809)
RMAN> backup as compressed backupset full database;
Starting backup at 02-OCT-16
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=58 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/example01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/ts_xxf_01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 02-OCT-16
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 02-OCT-16
piece handle=/u01/app/FRA/ORA11GR2/backupset/2016_10_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20161002T124047_cz13yhsh_.bkp tag=TAG20161002T124047 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 02-OCT-16
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 02-OCT-16
piece handle=/u01/app/FRA/ORA11GR2/backupset/2016_10_02/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20161002T124047_cz1409w7_.bkp tag=TAG20161002T124047 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 02-OCT-16
2.准备环境：测试表及数据
SCOTT@ORA11GR2>create table t1 as select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') as dd from dual;
Table created.
SCOTT@ORA11GR2>select * from t1;
DD
-------------------
2016-10-02 12:45:10
SCOTT@ORA11GR2>select sysdate from dual;
SYSDATE
-------------------
2016-10-02 12:47:43
SCOTT@ORA11GR2>create table t2 as select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') as dd from dual;
Table created.
SCOTT@ORA11GR2>select * from t2;
DD
-------------------
2016-10-02 12:49:24
——模拟两分钟后左右删除t1表
SCOTT@ORA11GR2>set time on;
12:51:13 SCOTT@ORA11GR2>drop table t1 purge;
Table dropped.
——正常关库：
12:51:47 SCOTT@ORA11GR2>conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SYS@ORA11GR2>shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
——删除操作系统中的所有数据文件
SYS@ORA11GR2>!ls /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/
control01.ctl redo01.log sysaux01.dbf ts_xxf_01.dbf
control02.ctl redo02.log system01.dbf undotbs01.dbf
example01.dbf redo03.log temp01.dbf users01.dbf
SYS@ORA11GR2>!rm /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/*.dbf
SYS@ORA11GR2>!ls /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/*.dbf
ls: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/*.dbf: No such file or directory
3.启动到mount模式，进行基于时间的恢复（利用RMAN恢复）
SYS@ORA11GR2>conn / as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SYS@ORA11GR2>startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 830930944 bytes
Fixed Size 2257800 bytes
Variable Size 503319672 bytes
Database Buffers 322961408 bytes
Redo Buffers 2392064 bytes
Database mounted.
[oracle@wang ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sun Oct 2 12:58:43 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORA11GR2 (DBID=237843809, not open)
RMAN> run
{
sql 'alter session set nls_date_format="yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss"';
set until time = '2016-10-02 12:47:43';
restore database;
recover database;
alter database open resetlogs;
}
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
sql statement: alter session set nls_date_format="yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss"
executing command: SET until clause
Starting restore at 02-OCT-16
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/example01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00006 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/ts_xxf_01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/FRA/ORA11GR2/backupset/2016_10_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20161002T124047_cz13yhsh_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/FRA/ORA11GR2/backupset/2016_10_02/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20161002T124047_cz13yhsh_.bkp tag=TAG20161002T124047
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:01:25
Finished restore at 02-OCT-16
Starting recover at 02-OCT-16
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished recover at 02-OCT-16
database opened
4.验证结果
SYS@ORA11GR2>conn scott/tiger
Connected.
SCOTT@ORA11GR2>select tname from tab where tname like 'T_';
TNAME
------------------------------
T1
（因为2016-10-02 12:47:43之前只创建了t1表，t2表还没有建）
SCOTT@ORA11GR2>
测试完成！！！！！
alert：
alert.txt