RedHat Linux 5.6 一步一步安装Oracle 10.2.0.1

 

一、环境介绍

Linux系统：RedHat Linux 5.6

Oracle版本：10.2.0.1

 

二、修改系统变量&&权限&&防火墙

 

1.vi /etc/hosts

 

[root@rhel ~]# cat /etc/hosts                                                 

127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4

::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

                                                                             

192.168.56.11 rhel  

[root@rhel ~]#

 

2.vi /etc/sysconfig/network

[root@rhel ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network

NETWORKING=yes

HOSTNAME=rhel

GATEWAY=192.168.56.1

[root@rhel ~]#

 

3.vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

[root@rhel ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

DEVICE=eth0

TYPE=Ethernet

UUID=d21ebfcc-870c-4d15-857f-3bc3ac379c9a

ONBOOT=yes

NM_CONTROLLED=yes

BOOTPROTO=static

IPADDR=192.168.56.11

PREFIX=24

GATEWAY=192.168.56.1

DEFROUTE=yes

IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes

IPV6INIT=no

NAME="System eth0"

HWADDR=08:00:27:09:DE:0E

[root@rhel ~]#

 

4.vi /etc/sysctl.conf添加如下内容（摘用11g的参数，可优化参照官方文档） 

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

 

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576                 

fs.file-max = 6815744                   

kernel.shmall = 2097152                 

kernel.shmmax = 1932735283              

kernel.shmmni = 4096                                                                   

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128          

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

net.core.rmem_default = 262144          

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304             

net.core.wmem_default = 262144          

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576    

 

完成后#sysctl -p，使生效   

 

5.修改/etc/security/limits.conf 文件尾部追加如下内容，以设置用户限制

vi /etc/security/limits.conf

 

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

oracle soft stack 10240

oracle hard stack 10240

 

6.vi /etc/pam.d/login

 

session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so

 

vi /etc/profile

 

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 16384

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

fi

fi

 

7.关闭selinux

在/etc/selinux/config 文件中设置SELINUX=disabled     

 

8.关闭防火墙

service iptables stop

chkconfig iptables off 

 

9.修改数据库版本

vi /etc/redhat-release

将Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.4 (Tikanga)替换为redhat-4

 

三、检查安装包

Check the installation environment：

#rpm -q binutils compat-libstdc++ elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel libXp

 

rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE}  (%{ARCH})\n' binutils compat-db control-center gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel gnome-libs libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make pdksh sysstat xscreensaver libaio

 

--挂载光盘

[root@rhel ~]# df -h

Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda3        25G  2.9G   21G  12% /

tmpfs           940M  144K  939M   1% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1       477M   41M  411M   9% /boot

/dev/hda              3.4G  3.4G     0 100% /media/RHEL_5.4 x86_64 DVD

[root@rhel ~]#

[root@rhel ~]# mount /dev/hda /mnt

mount: block device /dev/hda is write-protected, mounting read-only

[root@rhel ~]#

 

--配置yum源

[root@rhel yum.repos.d]# pwd

/etc/yum.repos.d

[root@rhel yum.repos.d]# cat yum.repo

[base]

name=base

baseurl=file:///mnt/

enabled=1

gpgcheck=0

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

[root@rhel yum.repos.d]# 

 

解决：

 

--检查需包

[root@rhel yum.repos.d]# rpm -q binutils compat-libstdc++ elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel libXp

 

binutils-2.17.50.0.6-14.el5

package compat-libstdc++ is not installed

elfutils-libelf-0.137-3.el5

package elfutils-libelf-devel is not installed

package gcc is not installed

package gcc-c++ is not installed

glibc-2.5-58

glibc-2.5-58

glibc-common-2.5-58

package glibc-devel is not installed

package glibc-headers is not installed

libaio-0.3.106-5

libaio-0.3.106-5

package libaio-devel is not installed

libgcc-4.1.2-50.el5

libgcc-4.1.2-50.el5

libstdc++-4.1.2-50.el5

libstdc++-4.1.2-50.el5

package libstdc++-devel is not installed

make-3.81-3.el5

package sysstat is not installed

package unixODBC is not installed

package unixODBC-devel is not installed

package libXp is not installed

[root@rhel yum.repos.d]# 

 

--安装缺失的包

yum install -y compat*

yum install -y elfutils-libelf-devel*

yum install -y gcc*

yum install -y glibc-devel*

yum install -y glibc-headers*

yum install -y libaio-devel*

yum install -y libstdc++-devel*

yum install -y sysstat*

yum install -y unixODBC*

yum install -y libXp*

 

四、添加oracle用户&&组&&创建目录

groupadd dba

groupadd oinstall

useradd oracle -g oinstall -G dba

passwd oracle

 

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle

 

 

 

五、设置oracle用户环境变量

vi .bash_profile

 

TMP=/tmp; export TMP

TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0.1/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME

ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID

ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM

PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH

PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH

CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH

 

保存退出后，source .bash_profile

 

六、上传Oracle软件、安装。

[oracle@rhel soft]$ pwd

/home/oracle/soft

[oracle@rhel ~]$ gunzip  10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio.gz 

[oracle@rhel ~]$ ls

10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio

[oracle@rhel ~]$ cpio -idmv <10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio

省略...................

[oracle@rhel ~]$  ls

10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio  database

[oracle@rhel ~]$ cd database/

[oracle@rhel database]$ ls

doc  install  response  runInstaller  stage  welcome.html

[oracle@rhel database]$   

 

--开始安装

[oracle@rhel database]$ ./runInstaller