本文档旨在指导技术人员进行瀚高数据库表空间迁移操作。
1 LINUX下的表空间迁移
1.1 创建表空间
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highgo=# create tablespace tbs_data location '/data/t_tbs'; CREATE TABLESPACE |
查看表空间
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highgo=# \db+ List of tablespaces Name | Owner | Location | Access privileges | Options | Size | Description ------------+--------+-------------+-------------------+---------+---------+------------- pg_default | highgo | | | | 996 MB | pg_global | highgo | | | | 464 kB | tbs_data | highgo | /data/t_tbs | | | 0 bytes | (3 rows) |
1.2 创建模拟数据
方式1:在新表空间创建新对象
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highgo=# create database test owner htest TABLESPACE = 'tbs_data'; CREATE DATABASE |
方式2:将旧的数据对象迁移至新表空间
| 举例:alter database TEST set tablespace tbs_data; |
注意:如果是集群环境,则只需要在主库中进行就行了,从库会自动同步。需要注意的事,迁移过程中,TEST库是会加上全局锁的,无法读写。所以在实际中需要协调出业务空闲时间。
查看新表空间下的数据库
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highgo=# \l+ test List of databases Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges | Size | Tablespace | Description ------+-------+----------+------------+------------+-------------------+---------+------------+------------- test | htest | UTF8 | zh_CN.utf8 | zh_CN.utf8 | | 7449 kB | tbs_data | (1 row) |
在TEST库中创建识别表bz_test1;
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test=# create table bz_test1 (a integer,b integer,c integer ,d integer); CREATE TABLE test=# insert into bz_test1 select (random()*(10^5))::integer,(random()*(10^5))::integer,(random()*(10^5))::integer from generate_series(1,1000) ; INSERT 0 1000 test=# test=# \dt List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner --------+----------+-------+------- public | bz_test1 | table | htest (1 row)
test=# select * from bz_test1 limit 5; a | b | c | d -------+-------+-------+--- 45394 | 47760 | 27691 | 11743 | 8785 | 19327 | 59565 | 49539 | 1585 | 55315 | 60471 | 39387 | 66894 | 23568 | 54289 | (5 rows) |
1.3 表空间迁移
查看tbs_data物理文件状态
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[highgo@tqz data]$ ll pg_tblspc/ total 0 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 highgo highgo 11 Jul 28 10:22 16557 -> /data/t_tbs |
迁移DATA目录
此时如果迁移DATA目录,则需要:
方式1(离线迁移):
关闭数据库复制data目录和表空间目录/data/t_tbs至目标位置,注意如果t_tbs目录不存放在$PGDATA/pg_tblspc/下则需创建软连接到该目录下,例如:
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[highgo@tqz ~]$ cp -rf /data/highgo/4.7.7/data /home/highgo/test_c/ pg_ctl start -D /home/highgo/test_c/data/ t_tbs目录未移动位置,软连接仍然生效,直接启动数据库即可 |
如果移动t_tbs目录
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[highgo@tqz data]$ mv /data/t_tbs /home/highgo/ [highgo@tqz data]$ ll pg_tblspc/ total 0 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 highgo highgo 11 Jul 28 10:52 16557 -> 已丢失 |
此时注意:缺少tbs_data表空间并不意味着不可以登录数据库,除了TEST库不可用外,其余可正常登陆使用。
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highgo=# \c test htest FATAL: 3D000: database "test" does not exist DETAIL: The database subdirectory "pg_tblspc/16557/PG_9.5_201510051/16558" is missing. Previous connection kept |
将表空间新目录路径链接到pg_tblspc下
| [highgo@tqz data]$ ln -s /home/highgo/t_tbs /home/highgo/test_c/data/pg_tblspc/16557 |
启动数据库并查询表的一致性
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test=# \dt List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner --------+----------+-------+------- public | bz_test1 | table | htest (1 row) |
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test=# select * from bz_test1 limit 5; a | b | c | d -------+-------+-------+--- 45394 | 47760 | 27691 | 11743 | 8785 | 19327 | 59565 | 49539 | 1585 | 55315 | 60471 | 39387 | 66894 | 23568 | 54289 | (5 rows) |
至此整个DATA目录迁移完成。
方式2(在线迁移):
通过pg_basebackup命令来在线迁移
-T, --tablespace-mapping (重新指定tablespace新路径)
举例:
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[highgo@tqz data]$ pg_basebackup -U highgo -h127.0.0.1 -T /home/highgo/t_tbs=/data/t_tbs -x -D /home/highgo/test_c/data2 Password: NOTICE: 00000: pg_stop_backup complete, all required WAL segments have been archived
[highgo@tqz data]$ ll /data/ total 0 drwxr-xr-x. 5 highgo highgo 52 Dec 24 2019 highgo drwx------. 3 highgo highgo 30 Jul 28 13:46 t_tbs |
查看迁移后的状态
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[highgo@tqz data2]$ pg_ctl start -D /home/highgo/test_c/data2 [highgo@tqz data2]$ psql -d test -U htest test=# select * from bz_test1 limit 5; a | b | c | d -------+-------+-------+--- 45394 | 47760 | 27691 | 11743 | 8785 | 19327 | 59565 | 49539 | 1585 | 55315 | 60471 | 39387 | 66894 | 23568 | 54289 | (5 rows) |
2 WINDOWS下的表空间迁移
Windows下瀚高数据库的表空间迁移方式参考Linux表空间迁移(建议使用方式2)
注意事项:
2.1 关于WINDOWS下目录软链接
mklink /J 目标文件(夹) 源文件(夹)
| 使用示例: mklink /J D:\target-dir E:\src-dir |
2.2关于数据库服务注册
迁移DATA目录完成后需要重新注册数据库服务
例如:
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注销服务:pg_ctl unregister -N hgdb-se4.7.7-1 添加服务:pg_ctl register -N hgdb-se4.7.7 -U "NT AUTHORITY\NetworkService" -D "D:\HighGo DataBase\data" -s |