java编写高并发场景下的并发计数器（AtomicLong / LongAdder）

  • mingtian66

    2025-06-04 15:30:59
  • Java
  • 原创

以下是Java实现高并发场景下并发计数器的两种方案，分别使用AtomicLong和LongAdder：


import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;

import java.util.concurrent.atomic.LongAdder;


public class ConcurrentCounterDemo {

    // AtomicLong实现

    private static class AtomicLongCounter {

        private final AtomicLong counter = new AtomicLong(0);

        

        public void increment() {

            counter.incrementAndGet();

        }

        

        public long get() {

            return counter.get();

        }

    }


    // LongAdder实现（JDK8+推荐）

    private static class LongAdderCounter {

        private final LongAdder counter = new LongAdder();

        

        public void increment() {

            counter.increment();

        }

        

        public long get() {

            return counter.sum();

        }

    }


    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {

        final int THREADS = 100;

        final int PER_THREAD = 10000;

        

        // 测试AtomicLong

        AtomicLongCounter atomicCounter = new AtomicLongCounter();

        testCounter(atomicCounter, "AtomicLong", THREADS, PER_THREAD);

        

        // 测试LongAdder

        LongAdderCounter adderCounter = new LongAdderCounter();

        testCounter(adderCounter, "LongAdder", THREADS, PER_THREAD);

    }


    private static void testCounter(Object counter, String type, 

                                  int threads, int perThread) throws InterruptedException {

        Thread[] ts = new Thread[threads];

        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();

        

        for (int i = 0; i < threads; i++) {

            ts[i] = new Thread(() -> {

                for (int j = 0; j < perThread; j++) {

                    if (counter instanceof AtomicLongCounter) {

                        ((AtomicLongCounter)counter).increment();

                    } else {

                        ((LongAdderCounter)counter).increment();

                    }

                }

            });

            ts[i].start();

        }

        

        for (Thread t : ts) {

            t.join();

        }

        

        long end = System.currentTimeMillis();

        long result = counter instanceof AtomicLongCounter 

            ? ((AtomicLongCounter)counter).get() 

            : ((LongAdderCounter)counter).get();

        

        System.out.printf("%s 结果: %d, 耗时: %dms%n", 

                         type, result, end - start);

    }

}

该代码对比了AtomicLong和LongAdder在高并发场景下的性能表现。LongAdder采用分段锁机制，在高并发写入时性能更好，适合统计类场景；AtomicLong保证强一致性，适合需要精确计数的场景。测试中会创建100个线程，每个线程执行1万次递增操作。

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